消费者为什么不“秀晒炫”?

What drives or inhibits consumers’ preference to consume quietly?

发布时间:2023-12-21  浏览次数:32

一、秘密消费

生活中,微信朋友圈中各种“秀晒炫”,但也有人少发或不发朋友圈,更难有“秀晒炫”。广告商经常描绘他们的产品在社会环境中被消费,“秘密效应”广告就是其中一种。例如,某中国冰淇淋品牌的研究小组观察到,孩子们经常在私人环境中安静地享用他们最喜欢的冰淇淋,他们创造了一个品牌名称——悄悄豆,还有一个幽默的广告口号“悄悄豆:不要悄悄吃”。在Breyers冰淇淋广告中,父母等着他们的孩子上床睡觉,他们才享受冰淇淋。这种秘密消费指在私人的情况下消费某种产品,并有向他人隐瞒消费行为的意图或行为。Rodas & John (2020)认为,这种显示秘密消费的商业广告可能会提高广告效果,因为它会导致消费者全神贯注于产品,并一直在他们的脑海里。

二、理论探索

虽然秘密消费的吸引力在消费者研究和广告实践中得到了证实,但现有文献很少关注背后的机制和使用条件。理论研究显示,消费者个性特质、自我呈现动机等个性心理特征,产品稀缺性等产品特征可能会导致一些人较低的分享意愿,而进行秘密消费。虽然Rodas & John(2020)认为女性更有可能享受秘密消费,但秘密消费偏好的个体差异尚未确定。本研究从外向性和自我呈现两个角度出发研究了消费者秘密消费意愿的影响机制,并考察了产品稀缺性的调节效应。

三、主要结论

第一,消费者外向性与秘密消费意愿呈负相关,自我呈现动机负向影响秘密消费行为,并在外向性影响秘密消费意愿的过程中发挥了部分中介作用。

第二,产品稀缺性在内向性、自我呈现和秘密消费之间的关系中发挥了调节效应。当产品稀缺性较低时,外向性、自我呈现动机与秘密消费意愿呈负相关;而当产品稀缺性较高时,自我呈现、外向性对秘密消费意愿的影响减弱甚至消失。

四、理论贡献

第一,将广告研究的范围从呈现产品/品牌或消费者特征扩展到消费情境或场景。传统上,品牌推广或广告侧重于展现产品/品牌,或消费者对产品/品牌的反应。本文认为产品消费场景或消费者消费产品的方式都可以建立一种身临其境和远程呈现的消费体验,从而提高广告效果

第二,确定了增强或削弱秘密消费的前因。研究表明,外向性对秘密消费的负面影响可归因于消费者的高分享行为,并提出这种影响可以通过消费者的自我呈现动机来解释。社交网站和社交媒体使用的增加,自然会增加消费者在公共场合的分享和消费,也会减少消费者对秘密消费的关注。这一发现有助于理解如果忽视了个性差异(如外向性),以及消费者对自我呈现的需求,提倡分享的广告诉求为什么不会奏效

五、管理实践

为了提高秘密消费对消费者的吸引力,应制定营销或促销战略,通过抑制消费者炫耀性消费需求与自我呈现的负面影响来增强产品稀缺感。为了减少秘密消费的负面影响,营销人员可以通过产品可获得性、独家分销限制或在零售店创造空货架空间来引发产品稀缺感。此外,营销人员还可以在零售情境中使用时间限制,目的是创造一种紧迫感和预期后悔。


Abstract

Purpose – Secret consumption refers to consumption of a product in a private situation, with the intent or behavior of hiding the consumption from others. This study contributes to the secret consumption literature by identifying the antecedents of secret consumption along with the explaining mechanism and boundary condition.

Design/methodology/approach – An online study with experiment design was conducted to examine the impact of extroversion/introversion, self-presentation and product scarcity on secrete consumption.

Findings – The results show that consumer extraverted disposition and the self-presentation motive negatively influence secret consumption intention and suggest this relationship is explained by the self-presentation need. The findings also revealed that perceived product scarcity attenuated the negative impact of extraversion and self-presentation on secret consumption intention.

Research limitations/implications – The findings provide interesting insights into advertising and retailing. In recognizing that secret consumption is a prevalent phenomenon in consumer behavior that may improve actual consumer product evaluation and preference, retailers or brand managers may encourage consumers to consume secretly.

Originality/value – This empirical study is a first attempt to explore the antecedents, mediating mechanism and boundary condition of consumer intention to engage in secrete consumption. The findings of the study provide important implication to theoretical development and managerial applications in advertising and retailing.

Keywords

Extraversion;Perceived product scarcity;Secret consumption;Self-presentation

  

引用:Song, S., Wang, H., & Wang, C. L. (2023). What drives or inhibits consumers' preference to consumequietly? Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and LogisticsVol.35, No.11, pp.2666-2681. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-12-2022-1015.